Computer Simulation
But what we really need to know is “how often” we get a result as extreme as the actual study by chance alone, so we need to repeat this random assignment process (with the 30 playing cards) many, many times. That is, we want to know the types of values we tend to get for the difference in conditional proportions when the null hypothesis (no treatment effect) is true to help us decide whether the researchers' result is consistent with that behavior or inconsisent. Shuffling and dealing the cards over and over would be very tedious and time-consuming, so let’s turn to technology.Below is the applet you used before, with the dolphin study data entered.
